Primary data is information

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Surveys: Systematic collection of data from a group of people through questionnaires or interviews.
Questionnaires: A set of printed or electronic questions designed to gather specific information from respondents.
Interviews: Face-to-face, telephone, or online conversations with individuals to gather information.


Direct Observation: Observing and recording behaviors or events in real-time.
Participant Observation: The researcher Phone Number becomes part of the group being observed.
Indirect Observation: Analyzing records or artifacts related to the behavior or event.




Controlled Tests: Manipulating variables to determine cause-and-effect relationships.
Experimental Groups: Groups exposed to the treatment or intervention.
Control Groups: Groups not exposed to the treatment or intervention.